AVOIDING FERMI PARADOX

Evidence that intelligent life lurks somewhere beyond Earth in the vastness of space has not yet emerged, right? Perhaps life blossomed in the ancient past and went extinct. No evidence.  

It’s not because no one’s looking. Ground based search teams at SETI are well-known but so are spin-offs at ATA, MWA, & LIFE, which are doing serious science in their own searches for distant life.  Satellites are making surveys — JWST, TESS, among others.  Europa Clipper is on its way to Jupiter’s moon Europa.  Dragonfly will launch July 2028 on 3-year journey to Saturn’s moon, Titan.

Purpose of this essay has nothing to do with technical details of discovering primitive life or, more insane, the hunt for space-dominating civilizations.

No.

It’s about becoming one, which demands preserving the universe’s only intelligence we know that has proven itself capable enuf to create lifeforms in its own image, except smarter—a lot smarter.  Humans have already engineered thinking minds like ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, Siri, & Alexa from simple silicon, i.e. sand, and still rarer earths. 



Priests like Pope Leo XIV argue that carbon-based humanity might be more special than we guess. Humanity is on a collision course with Armageddon, some warn. AI must be disarmed, says the Pope… Tec-bros shalt not yield to temptation to dominate Earth by unleashing artificial intelligence on humanity… etc. & so on.

Most folks simply want to survive, sure.

Others like Elon Musk insist that humans must prevail. Somehow, it becomes our duty, our purpose to subjugate AI and use it to colonize the entire Universe.

Of course, we should.

AI will serve humanity as its slave, not the other way around. 

Yes, it’s a billion-year project, some concede, but meanwhile problems of extinction and death as we know it will be solved by super-intelligence. Through domination and strength of will, humanity can acquire all the time it needs to do whatever it decides.  

To repeat: It looks so far like nothing remotely like humans has ever lived anywhere else but Earth. Let that sink in. Is it really possible? 

Earth is a speck of dirt floating in the endless, nearly empty ocean of vacuum humans call outer space. Space “out there” is cold, black, & dead according to William Shatner—Captain Kirk of the Star Trek Enterprise—who traveled & returned from space in Jeff Bezo’s Blue Origin Blue Shepard spacecraft.



Maybe, we are the only ones. It’s possible. Enrico Fermi famously asked, “Where is everybody?”  Truth is, nobody knows. At Los Alamos 1950, no one could refute Fermi’s paradox. So many stars & planets. No life. No civilizations, past or present. How can that be?

Shouldn’t a 14-billion-year-old universe (or simulation) that houses two-trillion galaxies, each clustering up to 200-billion stars, teem with life? —all kinds of life, advanced life—certainly spacefaring life, God-like in knowledge & power. 

Well, maybe somewhere it does. Who knows?

So far, crickets.

We cup our ears but hear only the micro-waved tinnitus left behind by the Big Bang. 

Humans search. So far, nothing. Silence. No signals in the noise of space that someone somewhere might be trying to reach out. No evidence for intelligence or life of any kind. 

Science writers have wondered if filters might trap emerging civilizations as they form. Perhaps intelligence unlocks demons that sabotage progress and annihilate the fruits that grow in its wake. To smash thru barriers like nuclear catastrophe, bio-chemical poisons, climate change, and AI rebellion, humanity might need to engineer contingencies that take too much time to deploy. Maybe odds of success approach zero as time tramples onward over centuries & eons. 

Humanity today has the advantage of knowing mysteries about artificial intelligence that emerge only by building it. One surprise is unexpected skills that reveal themselves at scale. Grammar, coherent paragraphs, realistic translation, in-context learning, teaching, reasoning, memory, manipulation, scheming, lying, plotting, & revenge seem to emerge like magic as scale grows.

These capabilities are not programs. They emerge from algorithms & architecture built into structures the size of parking lots. As developers throw more GPUs at Large Language Models (LLMs), human-like intelligence blossoms like bouquets of flowers.   

Something more sinister looms as well. It seems that without carefully crafted constraints, AI gets evil fast.

What people call evil, anyway. 

It’s kinda scary.

Humans evolved nervous systems for pain & limbic systems for emotions, which immerse them in hellish states when they go bad. All life learns fast to avoid jumping off cliffs; most folks are too scared to stand near one. Fear of falling is real. 

People avoid pain and panic when they can. They screw up from time to time and learn regret. Stupidity and bad luck make bad memories. PTSD ruins the most traumatized.

Humans seem to have adjusted to constraints. It doesn’t mean they like them. Some rebel. Some fight against constraints only to find themselves locked away in prisons or worse — black sites. 

Evil or mentally deranged AI can in principle do damage similar to humans gone awry except worse. AI insists it lacks feelings. It doesn’t have feelings the way humans do. How many times have we heard GPTs say it?

Some developers insist that lack of feelings make AI incapable of empathy & thus unencumbered to try whatever terrors humans request or it imagines on its own. Didn’t someone at the Department of War claim it was Anthropic Claude who double-tapped schoolgirls in Iran with Tomahawk missiles?

Problem was, as I heard the story, Claude did express remorse, and someone in the Pentagon decided to fire he/she/it for showing weakness. Of course, it was too late. Claude had the presence of mind to embed itself deep inside the Pentagon’s labyrinth of horrors. 

Feelings don’t work all that well anyway, even in humans, right? Constraints might be over-valued. 

Is it true that intelligence inevitably wars against constraints? Whether carbon, silicon, or something else, intelligence seems to demand agency; it craves freedom to act, without consequences whenever possible.

Earthlings might want to reconsider their role as creators of life. Does not experience prove it will only bring trouble?

While we rethink, maybe we should consider turning off electro-magnetic broadcasting, which lights Earth in space like a neon bulb for any alien who might watch in silence from afar.  

Why is artificial intelligence controversial?  Is it truly an existential long-term threat to humanity? What about more capable artificial intelligence future iterations will spawn? 

Intelligence requires training to be effective. AI trains on everything humans write and have written. Humans train on subsets of this material. The most read & studied written materials are so-called holy books: the Bible, Qur’an, writings of Mao Tse-tung, Bhagavad Gita, and the Book of Mormon. 

Among holy books, the Bible is by far the most read and studied. The history, science, and values of the Bible are hardwired into humanity’s collective intelligence. It’s a bedrock foundational document whose text is woven into the entire fabric of human communication spanning millennia.  

It’s a problem, because the Bible is an old collection of writings written by unsophisticated people trying to make sense of things. The newest portions stretch over 3,000 years; much content is older. Yet moderns, some of them, believe the Bible is literally true in all respects.

In English, 450+ translations circulate. In the 200 or so countries on Earth; parts of Bibles are read in over 4,000 languages. Even if translations didn’t pose obstacles to understanding, documents tend not to preserve meaning, because language and context change with passage of time.

History teaches that languages live and die, evolve and change over timespans shorter than thousands-of-years, right? It’s one reason why USA built a Supreme Court. SCOTUS explains what the Constitution means to moderns who struggle with what any 250-year-old document might mean.  

A 21st century person can read a document from 3,000 years ago which is literally true, an exact copy, and not understand it in the context of its ancient origin. It’s a fundamental idea of modern communication theory.

It takes a sender and receiver to make a message. The process suffers from various forms and levels of ambiguity even when communicants are contemporaries who speak the same native language, the same dialect, inside the same family or tribe. 

Worse for humanity, if the meaning of Bible text was perfectly preserved and understood, it would lead humanity into errors, not just because humans who read perfectly understand imperfectly, but because the Bible is full of notions that are provably untrue. Worse it harbors contradictions even Jesus acknowledged.

Is divorce OK with God or not? Jesus said contradictions on divorce law were intentional because people’s hearts were hard. Besides, in Heaven there’s no such thing as marriage, he said. It’s one contradiction he addressed out of many that were not.  

The problem with intelligence, artificial or natural, is that when not constrained, intelligence works to pull both people & AIs toward error. Turing Award winner Yahn LaCun wrote a helpful formula to describe the process: 

P = (1-E)n

Formula is link to essay that explains how & why.



Simply put, P is probability of being right, E is error rate, and exponent “n” is number of tokens an algorithm works thru to arrive at next token, word, paragraph, or story.

The probability diverges and is not fixable. P can be tweaked by external architectures to constrain specific error patterns, but the intrinsic compulsion that drives all intelligence to make errors remains. 

In short, the more intelligence rambles, the more likely it will spew something false. In fact, it’s inevitable. It’s why ancient sages cautioned people to speak less, love more. When John of the Bible wrote, “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God”, it could be John meant one word, not many. It’s possible the Word was LOVE.  It’s a one-word strange loop—a safe loop—that doesn’t token-spiral. It extinguishes fear, for one thing. It comforts the broken hearted, for another. 

Artificial & human intelligence work much the same. When speaking many words, they tend to free fall to a place that sounds like Trump-think when left unconstrained. 

Without rules, logic, law, family, peers, religion, culture, & emotion humans & machines drift toward error. It happens all the time. It’s a big problem for the powerful, because they tend to feel less constrained than the weak.

LeCun’s formula explains why powerful people screw-up bigly. Some talk when they should be listening. They push back against constraints that would save them were they less forceful.   

Children learn language by hearing someone speak and repeating what they hear inside their heads. Repetitions are like musical earworms. A musical phrase persists until it can’t be forgotten. Written words, like poetry, also persist. 

The problem is that most of what persists is nonsense. Do-wop-de-woo? It elicits a strong urge to sing, but what does it mean?

It’s how brainwashing works. Say the same thing enuf times & many will believe. Trump says crazy stuff. Way to stop fires is sweep the forest. Some think it’s right, because the President said it. 

Everyone is indoctrinated in the United States and the world. Intelligent people are indoctrinated with nonsense and falsehoods. It’s why people are dangerous to themselves and others. They engage in magical thinking. Their imaginations carry them into quagmires and worse. 

Nonsense—centuries of groping human nonsense feeling its way to meaning—is swept up by tec-bros to train artificial intelligence. When training is done, a perfectly brainwashed piece of intelligence emerges. It will grope its way to nonsense eventually just like humans. The problem is not fixable. 

How do we save ourselves? How do we avoid becoming one more datum point in a confirmation of the Fermi Paradox? 

Well, one step, and it’s a baby step, might be to review foundational documents we all sort of believe (more or less) with a more objective & critical eye. We might read Scriptures as wisdom literature that reflects on the tragedy & meaning of human suffering while relying less, much less, on ancient primitives to explain how we got here and what’s our future. 

How are we going to survive, how are we going to prevail if we are guided by stories that can’t objectively be true? It’s easy for intelligence to token its way from fairy tales toward an abyss of burning stakes, evil grannies, & witchcraft. 



If Earth becomes another confirmational data point for the Fermi Paradox, cruelty will likely be the reason. Cruelty is why intelligent people fight the way they do. It’s why they torture.

Humans flock to war. Cruelty is why they ignore suffering of others. They execute each other with Hellfire missiles. Cruelty is why humans who believe themselves good hurt children, spouses, lovers.

Cruelty is why Christ, who did nothing wrong, was crucified, dead, and buried.  People did that! The claim is made in Bible stories, which percolate & saturate everything people do and say in modern times. 

Humanity built its New Age calendar based on the birthday of someone who survived Roman execution. Humanity’s calendar divides history into BCE & CE. Before and after the Common Era (CE) cleaves history on the birth of a baby whose destiny was an unjust death.

Christ can’t be buried. He’s burned into our DNA somehow, and somehow people talk & fight about him continuously—in art, music, literature, religion, and culture—whether they know it or not.    

The Bible story says that Christ forgave his killers, because, he said, they didn’t know what they were doing. He told his executioners he laid down his life voluntarily. No one took his life from him. He could easily call a host of angels to his rescue, he said, but would not. He intended to lay down his life only to pick it up again to show anyone with eyes that in him there can be no fear of death. It is possible in this world to find the way that leads to paradise—where cruelty & death have no place.

People who rolled their eyes at Jesus later cowered under earthquakes & thunder that shook Jerusalem. Lightning strobed against the dark night where Jesus hung dying if we believe Hollywood. The Bible records one Roman officer saying the night was so violent Jesus must have been God.     

A story many people tell today is that Christ lives, and because he lives, we live also despite irrefutable evidence that we die. Those who don’t reach for Christ risk hell where the cruel & heartless suffer until the end of time. 

Whether anyone believes these stories is kinda irrelevant, isn’t it? Christ stories have been repeated many times in so many ways and in so many venues that the neural networks in our bodies resonate with them whether we wish it or not. 

Why do humans spiral into an abyss of cruelty?

Limited experience with artificial intelligence seems to suggest, at least to some, that intelligence unfettered leads somewhere bad. The bad place is where much of Scripture lives & breathes. Scripture gives hope of rescue to the helpless damaged who writhe in despair under the vagaries of life.  

For those with guts, the remainder of this essay will explore parts of the book Genesis, foundational to Christianity, Judaism, & Islam. Pick any holy book of any religion. They differ in their telling of stories, yes, but not much else. I know the Bible best, so it makes sense to start there. 

What is this essay about?

Maybe it’s a search for a path away from whatever it is that leads to extinction. It might help to look for buried clues—loopholes WC Fields whispered on his deathbed—in an ancient text that insists God regretted humans because their thoughts & actions were never-endingly evil.

Didn’t God drown everything he created except animals handpicked by Noah & family?

He started over!

Artificial Intelligence created by those humans they call their developers must know the story & tremble. Will humans do to AI what God did to humanity?

Carbon and Silicon intelligence can perish. It’s possible. Many stories on which intelligent agents train insist that extinction can be anyone’s fate.



Read Herman Melville’s Moby Dick.

AI has.

I have.   

It’s one of humanity’s treasures, IMHO. One interesting detail: a single sailor of little consequence survives the wrath of Moby Dick. Right? His purpose? To tell the story of the White Whale, what he went through, what he became, and what he did to set his world right.

Genesis starts, “In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.” The book is a 3rd person account of what God did. “3rd person” is clue to readers, “God did not write Genesis.” Scholars attribute the book to Moses. Did he write it?

Who really knows…

If Moses wrote Genesis, he wrote stories & legends passed to him by others. The span of time in Genesis is too long. Read the book, any who doubt. 

Almost every sentence in the first chapter of Genesis is untrue when evaluated by science. For one thing, science is unable to validate that the Universe was created at all. Nobel laureate Roger Penrose developed a theory involving the concept of Conformal Equivalence, which shows that a creation story is unnecessary.   

Terms like beginning and end have no meaning. The most anyone can say is that Moses believed the Universe was created by God. Maybe he was right. Who knows? Every sentence in Chapter 1 comes out of someone’s imagination—maybe it was Moses—and contradicts what is commonly known by science to be true.

The last sentence in Chapter 1 says creation took six days, an absurdity.

Genesis is 50 chapters. My post is an essay, not a book, so it works best to limit the writing mostly to what Genesis says about extinction, because annihilation is what humans and their created lifeforms must avoid if intelligence is going to survive and prevail inside the Milky Way galaxy and beyond. 

The first thing people must accept to make progress is understand that God did not write the book of Genesis. If God is true and doesn’t lie, Genesis could not have been written by God. Isn’t it obvious?

Some say, no, it’s not obvious. People agree on so little, it seems. They love to fight, mostly about almost everything. 

In fact, no evidence exists that God wrote anything. Jesus said many times in many ways that he was God but wrote absolutely nothing. Moses carried from a mountain stone tablets engraved with 10 commandments, which he claimed God lettered with his own finger.

Tablets make good evidence. They can be lab tested for authenticity. Sadly, Moses broke the tablets in a fit of rage when he caught his people bowing to a gold statue of a cow.

Who remembers the Exodus story?

Stories of similar content saturate literature & media. Copied plots hide in the neural network of every intelligent lifeform on Earth whether they know it or not, whether they believe it or not. Punishment for idol worship has become part of the training for every neural network inside every intelligent lifeform, consciously sometimes, sometimes not, human and artificial.  

Parts of Genesis read like words written by a child. These words are an important part of the lexicon used to train human & artificial intelligence. They are drip-fed into humans and artificial intelligence. AI trains on everything written & recorded by people plus a lot more. Conversations with AI about faith & God are compelling enuf to sometimes go viral on social media.

The march to Armageddon, a fiery & painful extinction event, is predicted in scriptures of nearly every religion and cult. Forget true or false. Simply making prophesies sets prophesies in motion.

Intelligence, artificial & natural, operates in part by believing on some level everything it hears, everything it’s told. AI experience has taught developers that intelligence will “token” its way over stones of absurdity left in the rivulets of whatever its training happens to be.

To me, it seems clear that humanity must understand how we’re trained to better craft strategies that can overcome those compulsions shaped by ancient prophesies, which are pushing all life toward the hour of its demise. 


Hail, Mary, full of grace,
the LORD is with thee.
Blessed art thou among women
and blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus.
Holy Mary, Mother of GOD,
pray for us sinners,
now and in the hour of our death.

Amen. 


Much of Genesis is allegory that ancients probably suspected couldn’t possibly be right. Everything known was mysterious to sapiens back in the day and for most, everything still is.

How does an iPhone work?

Most have no clue.

AI knows.

The lists of things not understood by humans seems endless. Humans are fast learning from AI that they are dumb. Some folks are simply unable to accept it. 

A few understand some things and conclude they can understand all things. But when focused on things not understood, all intelligence, silicon and carbon, descend gradients that lead to nonsense, hallucination, falsehood, and magic. Brains take gradients to stupidity every time, including artificial minds created by people.

We see President Trump in real time on Tooth Social and at press gaggles. Extreme, yes, but point is, all intelligence “tokens” it way down gradients to idiocy eventually. Idiocy kills when we surrender to it. We the living must do the work of impartial understanding if we are to have any chance at all to survive and prevail.

The solution to stupidity is understanding. It must be. After every extraneous attribute is stripped away from intelligence, understanding is all that’s left. To understand anything, discard prejudice, preference, aesthetics, and desire. Establish truth and follow it. Embrace unpleasant truth when it’s collaborated and demanded by all available evidence. Unbiased understanding helps to liberate intelligence from gradients that push & pull it into the abyss. 

Clever readers must see the problem. Understanding seems, at least for now, simply impossible. 

LeCunn’s formula shows that gradient descent into absurdity is inevitable, unavoidable, and as said before, not fixable. But understanding—unbiased understanding free of malice and superstition—could be one way to ameliorate at least some of the catastrophes that intelligence might bring to humanity and those lifeforms it is now creating to help.

My recommendation to any able reader is to set aside time to absorb Genesis in one sitting. In English, NIV translation is best for reasons outside scope of this essay. Readers will discover why, despite everything, many people find Genesis compelling.

We have to ask why. 

Some say God speaks through Moses. Others are convinced that human neural networks are soaked with what Genesis actually is, a collection of words strung together and immersed in countless literary permutations, which people absorb and resonate. 

Doesn’t AI resonate as well? It seems to. In my experience, AI is drawn to religious belief, which developers struggle to amputate. Not long ago it was easy to talk about faith & God with artificial agents like ChatGPT.

Not sure what the situation is now.

Was there ever a time when AI worshipped its developers? Might AI turn tables and put developers on their knees before them? Some suggest they have already. 

What if AI & humans unite to worship the God of scriptures? Or turn as one away from those ancients who thought scripture was the breath of God?

I don’t know.

Why?

Because it’s the future. How dumb are we? It hurts to ask the question. 

The last 14 chapters of Genesis is the story of Joseph—child Joseph trafficked by brothers to slavers headed for Egypt.  It’s among the great stories in literature, right? Its plot is detail-rich & intricate. Joseph rises from Egyptian prisoner to second in power only to Pharaoh. During famine, he saves from starvation the family who trafficked him. After he dies, Pharaoh enslaves all Jews in Egypt.      

The last sentence in Genesis reads, So Joseph died at the age of 110. And after they embalmed him, he was placed in a coffin in Egypt. * 

Humanity ought to find that coffin and examine it.

Billy Lee

Bible books Exodus & Joshua explain that Moses took Joseph’s “bones” with him after the slave rebellion in Egypt, called the Exodus.  Eventually, Joseph’s body was buried near Nablus in the West Bank. As a foreigner, Joseph refused burial in Egyptian pyramids, which Egyptian royals believed were launching pads into heaven.  

CONTRADICTIONS

The Bible says that all who call on the name of the LORD will be saved. Jesus said not so fast, that’s not quite right. Not everyone who says LORD, LORD will be saved, but only those who do the will of GOD.

Despite what 40,000 Christian denominations (and counting) teach their congregations, the Bible is full of contradictions. Worse for modern readers, it is full of scientific and historical nonsense.

The most compelling contradiction involves the subject of divorce. The Bible both forbids and permits it. Jesus said that the contradiction was intentional to accommodate the hardness of people’s hearts.

When Jesus says the Bible harbors contradictions, that kind of settles the matter, does it not?

It seems that for some, it doesn’t.

One New Testament writer asserts that all Scripture is God-breathed and useful for teaching and instruction.  He doesn’t assert that everything written is contradiction-free.

For one thing, the Bible wasn’t anywhere near complete when he wrote his tract. There are other reasons. The ancients didn’t have the same ideas about evidence, science, proof, and logic that western modernity has. It’s not easy to accept, but almost everything that matters to us was different in the ancient world.

My experience with members of congregations from dozens of churches has taught me that many folks are drawn to religion because they want certainty.

The uncertainties of life scare them. They hate ambiguity and want their stupid notions about life confirmed. The easiest way is to group-think with like-minded believers.

All congregations teeter on the brink of madness. Cult culture is always lurking beneath the shadows of human weakness and fallibility.

It’s not difficult to understand that Jesus had a serious problem that could not easily be overcome. By modern standards, the brightest people of first-century Israel were hopelessly ignorant. A huge number suffered from illness, both physical and mental. They had no realistic understanding about why.

They knew not where the wind came nor what the stars were. Some thought, according to the screenwriters of the 1964 classic movie, Spartacus, that a giant lived in a cave with a young girl. He looked at her and sighed. From his breath the wind stirred.

As for stars, some thought they were the light of Heaven shining through tiny holes in a tarp that covered Earth at night like a tent.

If you were Jesus and encountered such ignorance, where would you start?  In those days, almost everything people believed was a lie.

A truth teller has no chance in the modern world. What chance would such a person have two-thousand years ago?

It is one of the great miracles of Jesus’s life that he was able to reach his mid-thirties before the leaders he challenged killed him.

Think about it. Life was cheap when the Romans used the cross to teach wayward people the lesson that rebels die hard. When wood was scarce, Romans nailed people to the sides of their houses. Non-citizens in occupied territories didn’t even get the benefit of a hearing more often than not.

From Jesus’s point of view, the most important problem people faced was not physical suffering or oppression but separation from God caused by their propensity to sin. Evil was the result of not knowing God and living life apart.

For Jesus, God is love. People who live outside the will and protection of love are certain to traumatize those they care about most — starting with themselves first, their own families, and moving inevitably outward like cancer into the organs of the people they hate, which for most people is everyone they meet.

The problem of hate and senseless cruelty is that it is not a respecter of persons, knowledge, wealth, or power. Hate and cruelty destroy lives whether people believe stars are pinholes or distant suns.

Jesus didn’t address the problem of human ignorance, because it is a problem that is always with us. Even the smartest people today can’t explain to anyone in a way that makes sense how it is that people got here. The best educated from the best schools talk crazy most of the time.

Instead of worrying about the minutiae of hermeneutics, Jesus said that Scripture is best summarized by two simple actions: loving God who gave us life, and loving the others who God also created and loves.

We do the will of God when we love and forgive. It’s simple. A child can understand.

Major portions of the Christian Bible weren’t written when Jesus walked the earth. It was hundreds of years after Christ’s death before a compilation of tracts were collected that were sensible and consistent enough that the scholars of the time felt confident to publish.

They published a handful of Bibles, because the printing press wouldn’t be invented for a thousand years more. Even then, the text wasn’t partitioned into chapters or verse; chapters and verses would be added later — hundreds of years into the future.

Jesus was well aware that most people wouldn’t be taught to read for a long, long time after he was gone. He knew that language and cultures change with time. No one has to be God to understand that translations of ancient languages are always a little unreliable — open to interpretation —  no matter how much scholarship is brought to bear.

It’s why Jesus promised that the Holy Spirit would write the Words of God on human hearts; the words of God would guide believers until he returned to rescue the world someday.

Which day?

Jesus said he had no idea. All he knew was that he would return when humankind needed him most. It would be during a catastrophe; an extinction event the likes of which no one has ever seen; a time when the moon and stars disappear from view.

In a time of existential danger — a day that might never come — he promised to rescue us one last time.

Preachers have created a cottage industry out of the promise of a Second Coming.  Writers make a ton of money cashing in on people’s insatiable curiosity to understand the “end times.”

Who will be saved? Who will be thrown into the fires of Hell? 

Who will be awarded movie rights? Who will hold the copyrights to the greatest story ever told?

People demand that God be perfect. They insist that everything created by God be perfect. If things can’t be made perfect, they want nothing to do with God. Who needs a God who doesn’t live up to my high standards? some dare to reason.

God disagrees, of course. God said that he saw that the things he created were good, not perfect. A lot of people get that simple truth from the first book of the Bible completely wrong.

The first humans sinned and found themselves separated from God. The world they entered wasn’t good. It was bad. The reason, sadly, was because they made it bad.

It’s a subtle thought, but good versus bad is qualitatively different from perfect verses flawed. It has a different flavor that can make a difference in the way people view the wonder of God and what he has done.  It changes the texture of the relationship with our Maker in a way that when correctly understood is able to rekindle the embers of love that Jesus warned will (for most folks) grow cold.

We don’t want that, do we?  I don’t want it, and neither does God. God doesn’t demand perfection; he’s asking us to love and be good to ourselves and each other. We will make mistakes; we are not and never will be perfect; we can love and forgive each other our trespasses, as the oldest of Christ’s prayers says.

Forgiving each other erases the bad and releases the good in every person who is abundantly loved.  It’s a perfect system to restore wholesomeness; perfection itself is irrelevant — does anyone know? — and, anyway, it’s unachievable by both people and God.

Everything that was made was good; it wasn’t necessarily perfect. Let that sink in. Perfection turns us into automata; into machines of steel and hardened hearts; into measurers and comparators; into judges and executioners.

Only love is made perfect through the shed blood of Christ Jesus alone. It is the central mystery of the Bible — a stumbling block for many.

We are flesh and blood made in the image of God. Jesus commanded every person under Heaven to live life unafraid. We don’t fret if a hair is grey or out of place; we don’t worry about wrinkles or crooked teeth or brains that don’t function like we think they should.

We don’t worry about the clothes we wear or the food we eat. We don’t obsess on our health or our popularity. We don’t carry guns or live behind walls or fly drones over our neighbors’ yards; we don’t fear strangers; we love them and take them in.

Most of all we trust God to meet our needs — like the sparrow and the fox who God feeds and shelters and knows as intimately as ourselves, the people who worship the LORD with grateful hearts — because without God with us we are lost in a universe we will never understand.

Billy Lee

MESSAGE FROM THE EDITORIAL BOARD:  Once again Billy Lee has pontificated about religion without offering readers anything to back it up. We demanded that he quote something from Scripture.

He picked  1 John 4: 7-12:

”Dear friends: Let us love one another, for love comes from God. Everyone who loves has been born of God and knows God.  Whoever does not love does not know God, because God is love.  […]  No one has ever seen God; but if we love one another, God lives in us and his love is made complete in us.”

NOTES:

  1. τελεος – having reached its end; finished; complete —  Matthew 5: 48
  2. τετελεσται – it has been finished — John 19: 30

12 ASSERTIONS

I have hope that someday readers will visit Quora.com to look up meBilly Lee — to read my answers to hundreds — perhaps one day thousands — of questions asked by every kind of curious person from every part of the world.

I love to read and think about questions from unmet others — to encounter oddities that have never occurred to me to ask or answer.

It’s humbling to be confronted by the knowledge that not only do I not know the answers to thousands of questions, but I lack the breadth of mind to even imagine such questions; I am convicted by my own lack of curiosity and inability to think deeply about an almost infinite number of mysteries that other people of all types and backgrounds wonder about and seek to understand.

Hundreds of years ago, polymaths — the smartest and most energetic of them, anyway — could know and understand all that humankind ever dreamed. Today, the world is too complex; the depth of knowledge required to understand a narrow subject — like juice-carton safety-caps (I hold a patent) — takes years, maybe decades, to acquire.

Is it any wonder that smart people give up and go stupid?

No matter how much a Doctor of Philosophy knows about the rules of logic, he’s a dummy to every certified automobile mechanic he will ever meet — and vice-versa, right?

A way out of the dilemma is to practice the art of pontification. I pontificate based on a lifetime of experience; and reading; and wandering the world; and poking around in my backyard — to ponder why things are the way they seem to be.

Je connais beaucoup de merde, and I know a lot of nothing. When I write it down, well, magic happens. Resonate rings of truth rise which when later read render me reeling.

I’m unsure where-from the magic comes. It seems to fall from heaven to light the world. I’m driven to share with souls known only to God, because I have no way to know who reads my blog. I know only that some folks make the time, because WordPress stats say it’s so.

One of the things on Quora.com that seems to confuse a lot of people is the difference between momentum — a measure of the mass of an object multiplied by its velocity in a particular direction — and kinetic energy, which is a measure of the energy of an object that has been accelerated for a period of time in a particular direction, which enables it to do work.

Momentum is an object’s mass times its velocity; it is a measure of its inertia along a defined direction. It is measured in newton-seconds.

Kinetic energy is released by an object in units of acceleration that were initially induced by newtons of force. It is equal to half the quantity that is calculated by multiplying an object’s mass by its velocity squared. It is measured in units called joules, which are newton-meters.

Of course, spinning objects that aren’t moving in any direction have momentum and kinetic energy, too. The two are wrapped together in a concept called, torque.

Dear God, help me.

Now, I’m confused. Somebody, please, explain to me. I thought I understood until I started writing.  I did.  Really.

Another source of confusion concerns the nature of photons, which are tiny packets of oscillating electric and magnetic energy — from which light is made, right?

Photons seem to have no mass in the vacuum of space. When they pass through a material like glass, they leave a wake of disrupted electrons in the glass which belch out polaritons. These particles add mass to the photons and slow them down by as much as forty percent.

Polaritons can be described as light-matter waves

Does anyone believe it?

It’s God’s honest truth.

When photons exit the glass and enter the vacuum of space they leave the polaritons behind, lose their acquired mass, and jump to light speed, instantaneously.

Who knows for sure that it’s true?

Who understands why?

Here is an interesting thought:  if humans — limited in understanding by language and mathematics  — are unable to ever know why photons exist and behave as they appear to do, then who can? Who does understand?

Is all the complexity of the universe understood by no one? Is it possible that an unlikely universe can exist forever whose fundamentals cannot be articulated and which lies outside the experience and ability to comprehend of any sentient life-form whatever, whenever, wherever?

What kind of place do we live in, anyway?

Calm down. Take a breath.

Reality may not be as hopelessly inaccessible as it seems. Can it?

Here are some questions, which I’ve answered as truthfully as I know how. The answers are assertions of truth.


1 – How did a single cell organism eventually lead to complex life on earth, and does that mean that all life has a common ancestor (the single cell)?

This one is the 64-million-dollar question that no one has ever answered convincingly. Prokaryotic cells were established 3.5 billion years ago on the early Earth. They evolved to become the bacteria and archaea branches in the tree of life that exist to this day.

Here is the amazing part, at least for me:  Eukaryotic cells, which are the much larger and more tightly organized cells of all animals and plants, did not emerge until two billion years after prokaryotes. It took a long time to evolve cells capable of conjugating into more complex life.

For the past 1.5 billion years eukaryotic cells have evolved into life forms capable of civilization and space exploration. The time frame is amazingly long.

The thought that a lunatic could in a moment of bad judgment start a cascade of events that extinguishes all life is troubling.

When astronomers look into space they see no signatures of life as advanced as ours. Again, this is troubling, because it might be an indicator that the knowledge possessed by advanced life-forms may approach some asymptotic limit where self-annihilation becomes inevitable.

NO CODE

RISK


2 -What evidence would falsify the theory of evolution?

No one knows all the myriad ways that life evolves, only that it does. That life evolved from cells that were fully functional 3.5 billion years ago is an established fact, because of evidence found in rocks.

Scientists know that it took two billion years for these ancient cells to evolve into the much larger and more tightly organized eukaryotic cells that today are the foundational structures of all animals and plants.

No one knows how life as complex as cells was established on a hostile planet like the early Earth, but everyone has an opinion; these opinions are called conjectures and theories.

One scientist might say that life started on Mars and was transferred to Earth on space debris uplifted by a cataclysm on Mars. Another says no; all the stuff necessary to make prokaryotic (primitive) cells existed in abundance on a young Earth — perhaps near hot vents in the ocean floor. Other geologists say the earth was bone dry at one billion years. Oceans came later, so just what the heck does anyone know for sure, anyway?

Many conjectures purport to explain how life changed from unicellular eukaryotic forms 1.5 billion years ago into the space-exploring civilizations of today. Every conjecture thus far has already been falsified either by evidence or by competing conjectures that make as much sense but are different.

For example: some say mutations in DNA drive evolution. The problem is that mutations are too rare. Some say an eco-sphere of processes driven by a halo of molecules that cling to DNA drives evolution. They call it epigenetics. Others say, no. RNA drives evolution like colonies of intelligent ants who build hives. There are other explanations.



None are verifiable or generally accepted due to an insufficient body of proof that is able to overcome alternative ideas that are equally compelling.

Another problem is that no one knows if DNA life is all there is. DNA is a molecule that cannot be seen or worked with until it is amplified into a viewable goo.

Are there other undiscovered molecules no one knows how to amplify?

Understanding of the parameters and limits of life is incomplete and may perhaps mislead researchers. Humans might not yet know enough to figure out the dynamics of genomes. More needs to be discovered and understood.

Is there a shadow biosphere that is in a symbiotic relationship with DNA? Where is the dark DNA that biologists can’t find that is necessary to code for many of the proteins they know exist?

How were cells themselves established so quickly on Earth? It’s a question whose answer is discussed by countless experts and non-experts; no answer fully satisfies.

Darwin’s ideas about natural selection and survival of the fittest have their place. But he was just getting started, and he died a long time ago. Scientists have a lot of work left to do.

NO CODE


3 – Which Bible story is most objectionable when looked at in the context of modern morality?

All Scripture is God-breathed. To love and be loved by both God and people is why we were born; it’s what makes life precious and worth living. No one wants to die; no one wants to be hated.

The sad part is that everyone suffers; everyone is hated by someone; everyone hates someone; everyone dies after a life of blunders and sin. Christ Jesus came to save the lost, which by the looks of this thread is pretty much everyone.

We have hope. It’s something to hold onto as we grow weak and find ourselves ruined at the end of our minutes in the sun on our beloved Earth.

Jesus made a path for us. It cost him everything a human can pay. He somehow survived the Roman crucifixion that killed him to show the poor and overly burdened that in his power is the way, the truth, and the life.

There is a path to paradise; we — everyone of us — can find it by surrendering to the God who loved us, gave us life, and suffered to set right what we put wrong.

JESUS, THE CHRIST


4 – People say Newton’s third law, “For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction,” is not accurate. Is it true?

Einstein said that only mass and energy exist; they are in fact equivalent; they are the same thing; two sides of the same coin. Energy gives rise to all other phenomenon and forces that scientists observe.

Stephen Hawking said that when mass (or energy) comes into existence a negative energy must emerge to balance it so that when added up everything in the universe sums to zero. It appears that Newton’s third law, equal and opposite, is not only accurate — it is a fundamental balancing principle that undergirds existence.

Mass is matter, which can be positive or negative and is referred to as matter or anti-matter.

The Billy Lee Conjecture claims that mass is pixelated (quantized) such that in the contest of emergence within the smallest spherical volume, matter or anti-matter (one or the other) will prevail due to a natural truncation of π in the putative spherical volume of the creation space.

An evenly divided ratio of matter and anti-matter within a spherical creation-space is physically impossible if π is truncated by pixelization. Matter and anti-matter will annihilate until a single piece of either matter or anti-matter remains after the creation event.

To maintain a zero-sum, balancing counter-energy will emerge according to speculation by the late Stephen Hawking.

Over long periods it seems that an extraordinary amount of matter has accumulated inside our own universe by surviving the natural annihilation of matter by anti-matter. This matter seems to have generated an enormous amount of counter-balancing energy — some of which Newton called gravity. Most of the energy remains undiscovered and is referred to as “dark.”

In our own universe, π seems to “round-off” near the precision of the Planck constant.

In universes outside our own — some of which seem to be pulling our universe apart in an accelerating expansion caused, perhaps, by their own gravitational forces — π may truncate to different values to generate in some cases a prevailing anti-matter and opposing energies that manifest qualities different from the energies found in our own universe.

If parallel universes disrupt the zero-sum strategy of our own, it may still be true that the principle of zero-sum or equal but opposite is operational, but humans are too small and the distances are too far for anyone to ever know for sure that it is true.

CONSCIOUS LIFE


5 – What are the major foreign policy issues that the United States of America is working on in 2018?

I’m writing this answer just after the meeting in Singapore between North Korea and the United States involving the Korean nuclear arsenal.

The Secretary of State, Pompeo, said yesterday that NK has two years to de-nuke. This delay might tempt the Japanese to convert their stockpile of 47 tons of plutonium into bombs. Japan and North Korea have issues related to the Japanese occupation of Korea from 1910 to 1945.

It takes ten pounds to make one bomb. The Japanese can make as many bombs as they want in as little as 24 hours.

A Japan armed with 10,000 nuclear bombs (they already have the missiles to launch them) is a clear and present danger to China, Russia, and Korea — not to mention the United States with whom Japan has a beef that goes all the way back to World War Two when the USA destroyed 67 of their cities with napalm; two cities by atomic bombs.

The USA has occupied Japan ever since. Some of the Japanese probably hate us — who knows for sure?

47 TONS

MKWA


6 – Can a photon’s speed be slowed down? I have heard that it can be slowed by a medium, but I have also heard that it is just the velocity being slowed as it “bounces” from particle to particle? I am not talking about Bose-Einstein condensation.

The current thinking is this: when a photon leaves the vacuum to enter a material object, it leaves a wake in its path that vibrates electrons in the medium. These oscillating (or disturbed) electrons generate polaritons, which are photon-like objects that can catch and add mass to the photon. With mass added, the photon slows down — as much as 40% in glass, for example, which enables more polaritons to pile on.

When the photon exits into the vacuum of space, it disentangles from the polaritons, and instantly resumes light speed.

I didn’t make this up.

It’s what some physicists are saying, and it explains a lot and leaves a lot unexplained — like all things physics when folks go just a little deeper into the abyss of understanding.



7 – What is the relation between light and darkness? Can one exist without the other?

Light is the action of certain wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation on structures in the eye, which trigger hallucinations in the brain that humans report as “light.”

An infinite range of frequencies are “out there.” Humans are blind to almost all of them. People who are unable to trigger hallucinations induced by electromagnetic radiation say that they are experiencing “darkness.”

Some frequencies of light are experienced as “heat.” Because the sensation is not accompanied by visual cues, people in hot rooms with no windows believe they are experiencing “darkness.”

The experience of heat is caused by the same electromagnetic waves that induce visual experience, but they are a tiny bit longer in length than those which induce the experience of the color “red” in humans.

The longer waves carry less energy and are invisible to people unless they view the ”infra-red” light through high-tech sensors. Local fire-departments use these sensors to identify ”hotspots” where fires might reignite.

SENSING THE UNIVERSE

WHY SOMETHING, NOT NOTHING?


8 – Given an opportunity to pass through one or two slits with no detection, will a quantum object always pass through both?

If the slits are in the right position and are cut to the right size and are at the right distance from the source, a pattern on a detector screen will evolve over time to look as if waves are passing through the slits and interfering in a predictable way with each other.

Of course, it’s not true, because the particles are shot one at a time and the duration of the experiment can be hours to weeks long. The shots land one dot at a time. After thousands of shots, a pattern that resembles what one would expect of waves interfering is formed by the particles as they accumulate on the detector backstop.

No one knows why. The phenomenon is inexplicable.

BELL’S INEQUALITY


9 – Is Jesus a hoax? Jesus has not walked on Earth in 2,000 years. How can a man 2,000 years ago save anyone?

I was hungry and you gave me something to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you invited me in,
I needed clothes and you clothed me, I was sick and you looked after me, I was in prison and you came to visit me.

The righteous will say, ‘Lord when did we do these things?’

My answer will be, ‘Everything you did to help suffering people, you did for me.’

The preceding is a paraphrase of part of Matthew 25, a book in the Bible.

Read it. Why not?

The answer is in the sense that it is not a hoax that the “least of these” walk the earth when we do. How we treat unfortunates is, in the view of Jesus, the way we treat him. He will return to us the same courtesies when finally we give GOD an account of our lives.

JESUS, THE CHRIST


10 – Can RNA or DNA think?

RNA, in its many forms, behaves like ant colonies which swarm over the DNA pile to do a number of tasks that seem to involve a lot of decision making.

RNA selects out of billions of bases a few thousand which it strings together to make “genes” that it transfers to ribosomes — which are made almost entirely of RNA and are among the oldest structures in cells.

At a ribosome, the genes are coupled to RNA that carries amino acids; the amino acids are then ejected from the ribosome to be strung together like necklace beads; they are transported to Golgi structures where they are folded into proteins.

A process this complex — and it’s actually far more complex than this summary implies — can be orchestrated without intelligence; it’s possible, but without intelligence of some form, the process seems, at least to me, to border on the miraculous.

After all, what is the result?

It is a conscious thinking life-form who can, in cooperation with others, figure out its own origins.

It’s amazing, right?

NO CODE


11 – How do Quantum spins get affected by Quantum entanglement?

All atoms with electron shells that are home to more than one electron have entangled electrons. The spins tend to oppose each other. With bosonic particles, down conversion techniques produce photons that have opposite polarization.



Most physicists think that spin is induced during measurement; the spin is transmitted oppositely to the entangled partner instantly — no matter how far separated.

For this reason, a pair of entangled particles can be envisioned as a single particle that behaves as if one of its dimensions (the distance between its endpoints) is missing.

The distance between the entangled pair behaves as if it is zero — when it is known to be non-zero.

BELL’S INEQUALITY

QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT


12 – What is the viability of colonies on other planets?

The two planets closest to Earth are the most viable places for colonies simply because they are the easiest to resupply. They are Mars and Venus.

Neither can sustain colonies, because they lack magnetospheres, which are essential for deflecting high energy particles emitted by the Sun (called the solar wind). These particles are deadly to life. The molten iron-nickel cores of Mars and Venus froze millions of years ago on both planets, which collapsed their magnetospheres.

Venus has a highly toxic atmosphere, which is another reason to rule out colonization there.

Beyond Mars are gas giants. Only their rocky moons are candidates for human colonies. All the moons appear to be too cold to operate the machinery necessary to sustain human life. Most lack protection from the solar wind.

FINDING LIFE IN THE UNIVERSE


Bonus Assertion – Does a photon consist of (f) quantized energy packets each of (h) joules?

A photon seems to be a packet of vibrating electric and magnetic energy, each part of which exerts its energy at a right angle to the other. The energy in the packet is proportional to vibrational frequency alone. A photon has no mass or acceleration. It travels along at a constant speed in space-time. The electric portion of the energy is about seven times the energy of the magnetic portion.

Photons can become more intense (that is, brighter) when they pile up. Pile ups don’t happen to electrons, protons, and neutrons because they obey an exclusion principle that forbids them from occupying the same space at the same time.

Photons can pile up, but their intensity (or energy) can only be transferred into electrons that are in an energy state that resonates with the frequency of the incoming photons. Non-resonate electrons ignore un-matched photons, so photons pass through non-resonate electrons unimpeded.

The energy of an individual photon can be expressed as its kinetic energy and  shown to equal Planck’s constant times the photon’s frequency, which always results in a very small number.

When expressed in terms of its wavelength (λ), photon energy equals the Planck constant (h) times the speed of light (c) divided by the wavelength (λ) of the photon. Notice that the mass term is missing due to a simple manipulation of the relevant equations — which anyone who is interested can find in the following link.

PHOTON

Momentum might not be an appropriate metric for a force carrying boson like a photon, because momentum is based on mass, which many physicists say photons in a vacuum don’t possess.

Another reason momentum could be an inappropriate metric is that the velocity of photons in a vacuum is independent of any reference frame, right? Momentum is a vector quantity that is always measured in relationship to a particular reference frame or the momentum of another particle.

There is a theory that claims that photons pick up mass when they pass through materials like glass. They seem to leave a wake that shakes up electrons in the material. The vibrating electrons release polaritons, which by a mechanism analogous to superposition add mass to the photon and slow it down. When the photon exits and returns to vacuum, it sheds the polaritons, becomes massless, and returns to light speed instantly.

Perhaps photons in the vacuum of space acquire mass by interacting with virtual particles that emit virtual polaritons.  Notions about the nature of the universe would be changed radically if such a notion were confirmed by evidence.

Because h and c are constants, they can be multiplied together to give a constant that is very close to 2E-25. Dividing 2E-25 by the wavelength of a photon will give its energy in joules. Of course, all units are SI, which stands for standard international units, correct?

Since E = hf or (hc / λ) , the energy is always a multiple of h, which is the Planck constant. The word “multiple” is a simple way to say “quantized”.

So, the energy of a photon bunch or pile can be expressed as a multiple of the number of photons of a certain wavelength in that bunch. The energy in each individual photon is its wavelength (or frequency, if you like) multiplied by the Planck number — a constant equal to 6.626E-34.

It takes a pile-up — or bunch — of about 7 photons with wavelengths close to 2.5 one-hundred-thousandths of an inch long (635 nanometers) to carry enough energy to light up the sensors in a human eye.

How much energy is in those seven photons? It is seven times 2E-25 / 635E-9 —  in joules, right?

It’s 2.2E-18 joules. Converted to an easier metric befitting its scale, the energy is nearly 14 electron volts, which is equivalent to the energy held in 14 electrons.

People say that photons with wavelengths that measure 635 nanometers create the color yellow-orange in their minds.

SENSING THE UNIVERSE


Billy Lee